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Group Delay in RF Filters
To understand group delay in this brief application note, we’ll start by examining phase delay. After mathematically defining phase delay, we will then continue by defining group delay. Illustrations of amplitude response, and phase and group delay response for several ideal filters of various filter topologies and one real filter are shown.
Wideband MMIC LNA with Bypass
Mini-Circuits’ TSY-83LN+ wideband, MMIC LNA incorporates a bypass mode feature to extend system dynamic range. This model operates from 0.4 to 8 GHz and achieves an industry leading combination of wideband gain flatness, NF, P1dB and OIP3.
Expanded Thin-Film Filter Selection
Mini-Circuits has expanded our line of thin-film filter topologies to address a wider variety of applications and requirements. Low pass and band pass architectures are available with high Q and insertion loss of as little as 0.5 dB.
Wideband VGA with Built-In Telemetry + GUI
The ZVA-20543VG+ variable gain, medium power amplifier provides 50 dB of gain, with a 17 dB adjustable gain range. Gain adjustment is possible either digitally or by applying an analog control voltage ranging from 0 to +2.8V, facilitated through the 15-pin Micro-D connector.
1.35mm DC to 90 GHz Adapters
Mini-Circuits’ 1.35mm to 1.35mm RF/mmWave adapter series offers three mating adaptations to meet all possible interface configurations. Ultra-wideband, 90 GHz capability allows these units to be integrated into a variety of system types
Selecting VCOs for Clock Timing Circuits – A System Perspective
Clock Timing, Phase Noise and Bit Error Rate (BER)
Timing is critical in digital systems, especially in electronic systems that feature high-speed data converters and high-resolution sampling. A clock source is the “timekeeper” and the system
Wideband MMIC Variable Gain Amplifier
The PVGA-273+ low noise, variable gain MMIC amplifier features an NF of 2.6 dB, 13.9 dB gain, +15 dBm P1dB, and +29 dBm OIP3. This VGA affords a gain control range of 30 dB with a control voltage of -0.7 to 2.0V.
Fast-Switching GaAs Switches Are a High-Performance, Low-Cost Alternative to SOI
While many MMIC switch designs have gravitated toward Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) technology due to its ability to achieve fast switching, high power handling and wide bandwidths for high-frequency operating bands, many commercially available options on the market come at high cost.
Measurement of Amplifier Additive Phase Modulation Noise (APM)
In our efforts to characterize the additive phase noise performance of our MMIC amplifier product line, Mini-Circuits has devoted considerable attention to the measurement methods and techniques we use to capture accurate data for these notoriously sensitive parameters. This article provides a deep dive into our measurement setup and process for characterizing additive phase modulation noise (APM) and additive amplitude modulation noise (AAM) in our labs.
UHF to mmWave Cavity Filter Solutions
Cavity filters achieve much higher Q, steeper rejection skirts, and higher power handling than other filter technologies, such as ceramic resonator filters, and are utilized where low passband insertion loss and high rejection of neighboring channels/spurious emissions are critical.
Frequency Modulation Fundamentals
The development of crystal-clear FM communications was an innovation of genius and toil. Utilized today in applications such as radar, seismology, telemetry and two-way radios, FM remains a ubiquitous real world technology because of its superior signal to noise ratio compared to other modulation schemes. Read on to learn about the history, theory and illustrative use cases including FM radio and the radar altimeter.
44 GHz Programmable Signal Generator
The Mini-Circuits’ SSG-44G-RC is a 0.1 to 44 GHz signal source with an RF output range of -40 to +17 dBm with fine resolution. This model supports CW and pulsed (≥ 0.5 μs) outputs while sweeping and hopping between power levels and frequencies.